摘要：根據(ju)目前對于新能源汽車發展規劃及政策，以及國內外充電設(she)施(shi)的主要(yao)類型和技術參數。論述地下車庫(ku)電動汽車充電樁的供配(pei)電系(xi)統的設(she)計及設(she)計過程中需要(yao)注(zhu)意的一些(xie)問題。

關鍵詞：充電(dian)樁；地下(xia)車(che)庫；供配電(dian)設計；負荷計算　　

0引言

新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽(qi)(qi)車(che)的產(chan)業發展與推(tui)(tui)廣應用，已是大(da)勢所趨(qu)。新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽(qi)(qi)已經成(cheng)為未來汽(qi)(qi)車(che)發展的必然方向。我國(guo)目前發展的新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽(qi)(qi)車(che)主(zhu)要以插電(dian)式(shi)混合動力(li)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)和純(chun)電(dian)動汽(qi)(qi)車(che)為主(zhu)。為推(tui)(tui)廣和使(shi)用新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽(qi)(qi)車(che)并加快充(chong)電(dian)設(she)(she)施的建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，國(guo)辦[2015]73號文及建(jian)(jian)規(gui)[2015]199號文件明確要求：新(xin)建(jian)(jian)住宅配建(jian)(jian)停車(che)位應100%預(yu)留充(chong)電(dian)設(she)(she)施建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)安裝條(tiao)件。因此，新(xin)建(jian)(jian)住宅小區地下車(che)庫充(chong)電(dian)樁規(gui)劃、設(she)(she)計成(cheng)為民用建(jian)(jian)筑電(dian)氣設(she)(she)計內容的一部分。

1配置(zhi)充電樁的(de)類型及技術(shu)要求

目前，新(xin)能源汽車的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁主(zhu)要分為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁和交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁兩種，俗(su)稱(cheng)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)"和“慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)"。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁有占地(di)面積大，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間較(jiao)短(duan)，投資大等特點。而交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁的(de)特點基本與直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁相(xiang)反，占地(di)小，可掛墻安裝，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功率低，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間長，投資小等特點。通過比較(jiao)可知，住宅小區固定車位充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁適宜采用交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁，而直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁通常設置(zhi)在大型商場、辦公樓、繁華市區等需要快(kuai)速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)區域(yu)。

2 供配電系統設計

2.1 充電設施專用變壓器容量(liang)計算

SΣ=Kt*Kx*Cn*（Kn*Pn+Km*Pm）/（η* cosφ）

式中：SΣ--變壓器(qi)總安(an)(an)裝容量(liang)(liang)（kVA）；η--變壓器(qi)負載率，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.70-0.75；cosφ--補償后功率因數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.95；Pn --交流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)（慢充）安(an)(an)裝功率，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)7.0KW；Pm-直流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)（快(kuai)充）安(an)(an)裝功率，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)60kW作(zuo)為基數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)（一般有(you)30kW、45kW、60kW、75kW、90kW、105kW、120kW）； Kn--慢充停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)配置比例系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)（即，實際(ji)(ji)慢充停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)/小(xiao)區(qu)規劃(hua)(hua)停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)），近(jin)期(qi)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.20，遠期(qi)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.45；Km-快(kuai)充停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)配置數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)比例系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)（即，實際(ji)(ji)快(kuai)充停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)/小(xiao)區(qu)規劃(hua)(hua)停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)），近(jin)期(qi)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.02，遠期(qi)系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.045；Kx--充電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)需要系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，充電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)（慢充+快(kuai)充），5-10個(ge)(ge)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.75-0.85；10-50個(ge)(ge)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.55-0.65；50個(ge)(ge)以上，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.4-0.45；Kt--充電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)同時(shi)使用系(xi)(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，充電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)（慢充+快(kuai)充），5-50個(ge)(ge)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.85-0.90；50個(ge)(ge)以上，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.6-0.7；Cn --小(xiao)區(qu)規劃(hua)(hua)停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)。

目(mu)前，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備在國內(nei)大范圍(wei)應用(yong)還(huan)比較少，沒有先例可查(cha)，同時(shi)系數Kt和需(xu)要系數Kx很難(nan)選取。Kt和Kx的選取主要與(yu)下(xia)面因數關(guan)：1）電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的使用(yong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況：目(mu)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)總體數量不(bu)(bu)多，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備本身的利用(yong)率不(bu)(bu)高；各(ge)建筑具(ju)體情(qing)(qing)(qing)況不(bu)(bu)相同。2）即(ji)使同時(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，各(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)之間(jian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池狀態、性能等各(ge)不(bu)(bu)相同。3）另(ling)外，小區交流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)（慢充(chong)(chong)）和直流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)（快充(chong)(chong)）一般使用(yong)時(shi)間(jian)在不(bu)(bu)同時(shi)段。設計人員(yuan)應結合各(ge)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的發展情(qing)(qing)(qing)況和工程實際，合理選取。

2.2 配電設計

(1)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源宜(yi)采用(yong)低(di)壓系統供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，接地采用(yong)TN-S系統。（2）交流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)宜(yi)按(an)防火分(fen)區配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，每個(ge)防火分(fen)區均宜(yi)設置電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)區域(yu)(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)、末端配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)。區域(yu)(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)末端配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)設計(ji)(ji)有三種形式(shi)：一、按(an)100%配(pei)(pei)置全(quan)部設計(ji)(ji)安裝到(dao)(dao)位(wei)；二(er)、按(an)20%配(pei)(pei)置全(quan)部設計(ji)(ji)安裝到(dao)(dao)位(wei)（區域(yu)(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)—末端配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)—充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)），其(qi)(qi)他80%僅(jin)(jin)考(kao)慮路由(you)、土(tu)建(jian)等條(tiao)(tiao)件；三、按(an)20%配(pei)(pei)置僅(jin)(jin)區域(yu)(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)設計(ji)(ji)安裝到(dao)(dao)位(wei)，末端配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)取消，區域(yu)(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)采用(yong)放射式(shi)直接供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)，其(qi)(qi)它80%僅(jin)(jin)考(kao)慮路由(you)、土(tu)建(jian)等條(tiao)(tiao)件。（3）各防火分(fen)區區域(yu)(yu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)宜(yi)安裝在(zai)設置充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)車(che)位(wei)附近的強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)內，其(qi)(qi)系統圖(tu)(tu)如圖(tu)(tu)1所示。為(wei)(wei)保(bao)證末端充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備安全(quan)，末端配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)低(di)壓斷路器(qi)應(ying)設置短(duan)路保(bao)護和(he)剩(sheng)余(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)護功(gong)能，其(qi)(qi)剩(sheng)余(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)護額定動(dong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)30mA，動(dong)作時間(jian)≤0.1s。

圖 1 電動汽車充電設施配電系統圖

2.3 電能質量

電(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程為(wei)非(fei)線性(xing)的(de)負(fu)荷變化過程，設計時應(ying)考慮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設施(shi)對(dui)公用(yong)電(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)能質量產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)影響，并采(cai)取(qu)有(you)效的(de)抑制(zhi)措施(shi)，將注入公網的(de)諧波(bo)控制(zhi)在規定范圍(wei)內(nei)。為(wei)保障電(dian)(dian)能質量的(de)要求，所采(cai)取(qu)的(de)措施(shi)如(ru)下：（1）增加充(chong)電(dian)(dian)機整流裝置的(de)脈動數(shu)。（2）低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)系統中設置有(you)源濾(lv)波(bo)器(qi)裝置，功率因數(shu)補償電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)組配置電(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)。（3）專用(yong)變壓(ya)器(qi)接線組別為(wei)D，yn11，且負(fu)荷率不高于70%。（4）為(wei)改善三相(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)設備的(de)平衡(heng)度(du)，單相(xiang)(xiang)交流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁負(fu)荷應(ying)均衡(heng)的(de)分配到三相(xiang)(xiang)上，盡(jin)量使三相(xiang)(xiang)負(fu)荷平衡(heng)。（4）變電(dian)(dian)所低(di)壓(ya)配電(dian)(dian)柜出線至

各(ge)區域(yu)充電樁配(pei)電柜距離(li)不(bu)宜超過200m。

2.4 配電線路設計

根據充(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁配(pei)電(dian)柜的數(shu)量在專用(yong)變(bian)電(dian)所低壓柜出線(xian)設置相(xiang)應(ying)數(shu)量的單(dan)獨饋線(xian)回路(lu)直接供電(dian)。饋線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)宜銅芯(xin)電(dian)纜(lan)或(huo)銅芯(xin)電(dian)線(xian)，三相(xiang)配(pei)電(dian)回路(lu)應(ying)選用(yong)五(wu)芯(xin)電(dian)纜(lan)，單(dan)相(xiang)配(pei)電(dian)回路(lu)應(ying)選用(yong)三芯(xin)電(dian)纜(lan)。電(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)設施配(pei)電(dian)線(xian)路(lu)宜采用(yong)金屬槽(cao)盒(he)敷設，當電(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁位(wei)置帶定時(shi)，金屬槽(cao)盒(he)應(ying)能到(dao)達所有停(ting)車(che)(che)位(wei)，以滿足100%預留充(chong)(chong)電(dian)設施條件。

3 充(chong)電樁設(she)施的布置(zhi)原則

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)(che)與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)之間(jian)(jian)應(ying)保證安(an)(an)裝距(ju)(ju)(ju)離：充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)裝在車(che)(che)(che)側且不(bu)妨礙車(che)(che)(che)門開啟(qi)時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)輪（含防(fang)撞設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)）距(ju)(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)(che)凈距(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)應(ying)小于(yu)0.4m（；妨礙車(che)(che)(che)門開啟(qi)時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)輪（含防(fang)撞設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)）距(ju)(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)(che)凈距(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)應(ying)小于(yu)0.6m；充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)裝在車(che)(che)(che)尾時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)輪（含防(fang)撞設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)）距(ju)(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)(che)(che)凈距(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)應(ying)小于(yu)0.5m。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)裝應(ying)預留檢(jian)修與操(cao)作(zuo)空間(jian)(jian)，其檢(jian)修操(cao)作(zuo)面與建（構）筑(zhu)物之間(jian)(jian)距(ju)(ju)(ju)離不(bu)應(ying)小于(yu)0.8m。其充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)布置(zhi)如(ru)（圖2）

圖 2 充電(dian)1設備布(bu)置示意(yi)

4 監控及通信

民(min)用建筑(zhu)電動汽車充電設(she)施(shi)監控系統(tong)由(you)控制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)、間隔(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)及網(wang)絡設(she)備構成。監控系統(tong)較小時，可根據實際(ji)需要進行(xing)簡化。控制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)能(neng)提供充電設(she)施(shi)內各運(yun)行(xing)系統(tong)的(de)人機(ji)界面，應實現(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)應信息的(de)收(shou)集和實時顯示、設(she)備的(de)遠方控制(zhi)(zhi)、以及數(shu)據的(de)存(cun)儲、查詢和統(tong)計等，并可與相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)系統(tong)通信。間隔(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)能(neng)采集設(she)備運(yun)行(xing)狀態及運(yun)行(xing)數(shu)據，上傳至控制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)，并接(jie)收(shou)和執(zhi)行(xing)控制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)令。

5安科瑞充電樁收費運營云平臺

5.1概述

AcrelCloud-9000安科瑞充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柱收(shou)費運營云平臺系統通過物(wu)聯(lian)網技術(shu)對接(jie)入(ru)系統的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)以(yi)及各(ge)(ge)個(ge)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整法行不間斷地數據采集(ji)和監控(kong)，實時監控(kong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁運行狀(zhuang)態，進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服(fu)務、支(zhi)付管(guan)(guan)理，交(jiao)易結算，資要管(guan)(guan)理、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能管(guan)(guan)理，明細查詢等。同時對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機過溫保(bao)護(hu)、漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機輸入(ru)/輸出過壓，欠壓，絕緣低各(ge)(ge)類(lei)故障進(jin)行預警；充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁支(zhi)持以(yi)太網、4G或WIFI等方式接(jie)入(ru)互聯(lian)網，用戶通過微信、支(zhi)付寶，云閃(shan)付掃碼充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

5.2應用場所

適用于民用建筑、一般工業(ye)建筑、居住小區(qu)、實業(ye)單位、商業(ye)綜合體、學校、園區(qu)等充電樁(zhuang)模式(shi)的充電基礎設施(shi)設計。

5.3系統結構

5.3.1系統分為四層(ceng)：

1）即數據采集層(ceng)、網絡傳輸層(ceng)、數據中心(xin)層(ceng)和客戶(hu)端層(ceng)。

2）數據(ju)采(cai)集層：包括電(dian)瓶車(che)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)充電(dian)樁通訊協議為標準modbus-rtu。電(dian)瓶車(che)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)充電(dian)樁用(yong)于采(cai)集充電(dian)回(hui)路的電(dian)力參數，并進行電(dian)能(neng)(neng)計量和保護。

3）網(wang)絡(luo)傳輸層：通過(guo)4G網(wang)絡(luo)將數(shu)據(ju)上(shang)傳至搭建好(hao)的數(shu)據(ju)庫服務器(qi)。

4）數(shu)據(ju)中心層：包含(han)應用(yong)服(fu)(fu)務器(qi)和數(shu)據(ju)服(fu)(fu)務器(qi)，應用(yong)服(fu)(fu)務器(qi)部署數(shu)據(ju)采集(ji)服(fu)(fu)務、WEB網站，數(shu)據(ju)服(fu)(fu)務器(qi)部署實時(shi)數(shu)據(ju)庫、歷史數(shu)據(ju)庫、基礎(chu)數(shu)據(ju)庫。

5）應客戶端(duan)層(ceng)：系統管理(li)員(yuan)可在瀏覽器中訪問電瓶車充(chong)電樁收費平臺。終端(duan)充(chong)電用(yong)戶通過刷卡掃碼的方式(shi)啟(qi)動充(chong)電。

小區充(chong)電(dian)平臺功(gong)能主(zhu)要涵蓋(gai)充(chong)電(dian)設施智能化大屏、實時監(jian)控、交易(yi)管理(li)、故(gu)障管理(li)、統(tong)計分析、基(ji)礎數據(ju)管理(li)等功(gong)能，同時為運(yun)維(wei)人員提供(gong)運(yun)維(wei)APP，充(chong)電(dian)用戶提供(gong)充(chong)電(dian)小程序。

5.4安科瑞充(chong)電樁云平(ping)臺系統功能(neng)

5.4.1智能化大屏(ping)

智能化大(da)屏展(zhan)示站(zhan)(zhan)點(dian)分布情況，對設備狀(zhuang)態、設備使用(yong)率(lv)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)次數、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時長(chang)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)金額、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)度數、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁故(gu)障(zhang)等進行統計顯示，同時可(ke)查看每個站(zhan)(zhan)點(dian)的站(zhan)(zhan)點(dian)信息、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁列表(biao)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)記(ji)錄(lu)、收益、能耗、故(gu)障(zhang)記(ji)錄(lu)等。統一管理(li)小區充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁，查看設備使用(yong)率(lv)，合(he)理(li)分配資源。

5.4.2實時監控

實時監視充電設施運行狀況，主要包括充電樁運行狀態、回路狀態、充電過程中的充電電量、充電電壓/電流，充電樁告警信息等。

5.4.3交易管理

平臺管理(li)人員可管理(li)充(chong)電(dian)用戶賬戶，對其進(jin)行賬戶進(jin)行充(chong)值、退(tui)款、凍結、注銷等操作(zuo)，可查看小區用戶每(mei)日的充(chong)電(dian)交易詳細信息。

5.4.4故障管理

設備(bei)自動上報(bao)故障(zhang)信息，平(ping)臺管理人員可(ke)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)平(ping)臺查(cha)看故障(zhang)信息并進行派發(fa)處(chu)理，同時(shi)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)人員可(ke)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)運(yun)維(wei)(wei)APP收取故障(zhang)推送，運(yun)維(wei)(wei)人員在運(yun)維(wei)(wei)工(gong)作完成后(hou)將(jiang)結果上報(bao)。充電用戶也可(ke)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)充電小程序(xu)反饋現場問題。

5.4.5統計分析

通(tong)過系統平(ping)臺，從充(chong)電(dian)(dian)站點(dian)、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設施、、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式等(deng)(deng)不同角度，查詢充(chong)電(dian)(dian)交易統計信(xin)息、能耗統計信(xin)息等(deng)(deng)。

5.4.6基礎數據管(guan)理(li)

在系統平臺建立運營商戶，運營商可建立和管理其運營所需站點和充電設施，維護充電設施信息、價格策略、折扣、優惠活動，同時可管理在線卡用戶充值、凍結和解綁。

5.4.7運維APP

面向運維人員使用，可以對站點和充電樁進行管理、能夠進行故障閉環處理、查詢流量卡使用情況、查詢充電\充值情況，進行遠程參數設置，同時可接收故障推送

5.4.8充(chong)電(dian)小(xiao)程序

面向充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)用戶使用，可查看(kan)附(fu)近空(kong)閑設備，主要(yao)包含掃(sao)碼充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)、賬戶充(chong)(chong)(chong)值，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)卡綁定、交易查詢、故障申(shen)訴等功能。

5.5系統硬件配置

6結語

為了(le)我國汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)能源結(jie)構的轉變，應普(pu)及電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設備的建設。未來幾年電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設施的設計仍會(hui)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)氣設計師們關注的重點。地下(xia)車(che)(che)(che)庫(ku)電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設施的電(dian)(dian)氣設計，應結(jie)合當地相(xiang)關規(gui)定設置配(pei)套(tao)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)。電(dian)(dian)氣設計師應立足規(gui)范，收集相(xiang)關數(shu)據(ju)，密(mi)切(qie)跟蹤新(xin)產品及技術的發(fa)展，不(bu)斷優化調整設計方案，做到經(jing)濟合理。

安科瑞侯文莉