大量的化(hua)石能(neng)源應用(yong)導致全球范圍內的環境污染問(wen)題(ti)不斷惡化(hua)，因(yin)此需要在減少(shao)化(hua)石能(neng)源使用(yong)的同時(shi)開發利用(yong)清潔(jie)能(neng)源 [1-2]。近年來，隨(sui)著我(wo)國對節(jie)能(neng)減排問(wen)題(ti)日漸重視，電(dian)力行業加強了對風電(dian)、光伏發電(dian)、核電(dian)與水電(dian)等清潔(jie)能(neng)源領域(yu)的投資 [3]。

　　其中，光伏發電具有清潔、環保、資源分布不受地域限制等優點 [4]。近年來，隨著光伏發電技術的高速發展及國家政策的大力支持，光伏產業得到了很大程度的發展 [5-7]，當前光伏發電呈現出“規模化分散開發、低壓接入、就地消納"的局面，光伏發電技術成為較成熟的一項新能源發電技術 [8]。光伏并網電表自帶互感器LCD顯示485

　　在我國當前的電力系統中，配電網是從輸電網獲取電能并將電能配送到用戶的重要環節，具有點多面廣的特點 [9]。將光伏電力融入到現有配電網中，可以實現配電網重構，而配電網重構是優化主動配電網運行方式的一種有效途徑 [10]。光伏并網電表自帶互感器LCD顯示485

　　根據運(yun)行模式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)分為并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和獨(du)(du)立(li)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)2種。當(dang)前，雖(sui)然并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)所發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)(ke)接入(ru)國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，但國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)倡導光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)遵循“就(jiu)(jiu)近發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、就(jiu)(jiu)近并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、就(jiu)(jiu)近轉換、就(jiu)(jiu)近使用(yong)"的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則，以有效(xiao)解決(jue)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)在(zai)升壓及長距離(li)輸運(yun)過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)損耗問題。獨(du)(du)立(li)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)獨(du)(du)立(li)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，具(ju)有用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)靈活、系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)安裝(zhuang)方便的(de)(de)(de)特點，其所發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)不接入(ru)國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，在(zai)完成供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)可(ke)(ke)將(jiang)剩余的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儲存在(zai)配套的(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內，從而(er)使光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)得到(dao)充分利用(yong)。若將(jiang)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與獨(du)(du)立(li)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能相(xiang)融合(he)，使光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)同(tong)時具(ju)備(bei)并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)和離(li)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)功能，再與儲能技術相(xiang)結(jie)合(he)，可(ke)(ke)有效(xiao)抑制光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)自(zi)身存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)波動性[11-12]，從而(er)可(ke)(ke)構建近似微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，此(ci)類發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是一(yi)種可(ke)(ke)充分利用(yong)新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)新型系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)形式(shi)，具(ju)備(bei)交(jiao)、直(zhi)流靈活供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)，并(bing)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)獨(du)(du)立(li)和并(bing)網(wang)(wang)(wang)這 2種狀態下(xia)運(yun)行 [13]。

　　目前，有(you)些房(fang)車(che)(che)車(che)(che)頂安裝了(le)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)，該(gai)系統(tong)(tong)所(suo)發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)經過光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)控制器后可(ke)供車(che)(che)內電(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，同(tong)時還(huan)可(ke)將剩余電(dian)(dian)量(liang)存(cun)儲在配置的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池組中，供夜間(jian)或陰雨(yu)天(tian)(tian)時使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。但大部(bu)分應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)(che)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)配備的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池組可(ke)存(cun)儲的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)有(you)限，在連(lian)續陰雨(yu)天(tian)(tian)，或光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)力不足但蓄電(dian)(dian)池組又無(wu)法(fa)滿足供電(dian)(dian)需求的(de)(de)情況下，無(wu)其(qi)他應急供電(dian)(dian)措施(shi)；并(bing)且現有(you)的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)(che)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)大多數采用(yong)(yong)獨立(li)(li)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)，在房(fang)車(che)(che)閑(xian)置時，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)也處于(yu)(yu)閑(xian)置狀態，造成了(le)能(neng)源(yuan)浪費。基于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)，本文介紹了(le)一種同(tong)樣可(ke)以應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)房(fang)車(che)(che)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)，該(gai)系統(tong)(tong)安裝在房(fang)車(che)(che)的(de)(de)車(che)(che)頂，具備并(bing)網(wang)(wang)運(yun)行和獨立(li)(li)運(yun)行 2 種運(yun)行模式，并(bing)配備了(le)蓄電(dian)(dian)池組。此(ci)(ci)類(lei)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)類(lei)似于(yu)(yu)微電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，可(ke)充(chong)分利用(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)力。